Neuroscience

 

½Å°æ°úÇÐÀº ½Å°æ½Ã½ºÅÛ Æ¯È÷ µÎ³ú (Brain) ¿¡ ´ëÇؼ­ ¿¬±¸ÇÑ´Ù. µÎ³ú¿¡¼­ »ç°í (Thinking) °¡ ÀÌ·ç¾îÁö´Â °ÍÀº °úÇÐÀÇ Å« ¹Ì½ºÅ͸®Áß ÇϳªÀÌ´Ù. µÎ³ú°¡ ¾î¶»µç »ç°í°úÁ¤¿¡ Æ÷ÇԵǴ °ÍÀ¸·Î ¼öõ³âµ¿¾È ÀÎÁ¤µÈ °ÍÀº µÎ³ú¿¡ °­ÇÑ ¿Ü»óÀ» ÀÔ¾úÀ» ¶§ Á¤½ÅÀû ¹«´É·Â »óÅ°¡ µÇ´Â °ÍÀÌ ±× Áõ°Å¿´´Ù. ..... Á¤¸»·Î ³î¶ó¿î °á·ÐÀº ´Ü¼øÇÑ ¼¼Æ÷µéÀÇ ¸ðÀ½ÀÌ »ç°í, Çൿ, ÀǽÄÀ» À¯¹ßÇÒ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù, Áï µÎ³ú´Â ¸¶À½ÀÇ ¿øÀÎÀÌ µÈ´Ù (brains cause minds, Searl 1992) ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. À¯ÀÏÇÑ ½ÇÁ¦ÀÇ º¯Çü ÀÌ·ÐÀº ½ÅºñÁÖÀÇ (mysticism) ÀÌ´Ù : ±×°ÍÀº ¸¶À½ÀÌ ¹°¸®°úÇÐ (physical science) À» ÃÊ¿ùÇؼ­ ÀÛµ¿ÇÏ´Â ¾î¶² ½Åºñ½º·± ¿µ¿ªÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù ........ (Stuart Russell 2003)

½Å°æ°úÇÐÀº ½Å°æ°è (Nervous System) ÀÇ ±¸Á¶, ±â´É, ¹ß´Þ, À¯ÀüÇÐ, »ýÈ­ÇÐ, »ý¸®ÇÐ (physiology), ¾à¸®ÇÐ, º´¸®ÇÐÀ» ´Ù·ç´Â Çй® ºÐ¾ßÀÌ´Ù. Çൿ (behavior) ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¿¬±¸ ¶ÇÇÑ ½Å°æ°úÇÐÀÇ ÇÑ ºÐ¾ßÀÌ´Ù. Àΰ£ÀÇ ³ú (Brain) ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ »ý¹°ÇÐÀû ¿¬±¸´Â ¸¹Àº ºÐ¾ßÀÇ ¿¬±¸¸¦ Æ÷ÇÔÇÏ´Â ÇÐÁ¦°£ ºÐ¾ßÀÌ´Ù. Áï ºÐÀÚ¼öÁØ ¿¡¼­ºÎÅÍ ¼¼Æ÷¼öÁØ (°¢°³ÀÇ ½Å°æ¼¼Æ÷ (Neuron)), cortical columns °°Àº »ó´ëÀûÀ¸·Î ÀÛÀº ´º·±µéÀÇ ÁýÇÕ¼öÁØ¿¡¼­, ½ÃÁö°¢ (visual perception) À» µµ¿ÍÁÖ´Â °Í°ú °°Àº Å« ÇÏÀ§ ½Ã½ºÅÛ, ¼Ò³ú (Cerebellum), ¶Ç´Â ´ë³ú ÇÇÁú (Cerebral Cortex), Àüü·Î¼­ÀÇ ÃÖ°í ¼öÁØÀÇ ½Å°æ°è ¸¦ Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ´Ù.

°¡Àå ³ôÀº ¼öÁØ¿¡¼­, ½Å°æ°úÇÐÀû Á¢±Ù¹æ½ÄÀº ÀÎÁö°úÇÐ (Cognitive Science) °ú °áÇյǴµ¥, ÀÎÁö ½Å°æ°úÇÐ (cognitive neuroscience, ÀÎÁö°úÇаú °°Àº °³³ä) À» âÁ¶Çϱâ À§ÇÑ ÀÎÁö°úÇÐÀº, ÀÎÁö½É¸®ÇÐÀڵ鿡 ÀÇÇØ Ã³À½ ´ëÁßÈ­µÈ °ú¸ñÀ¸·Î¼­, ÃÖ±Ù¿¡´Â ¿ªµ¿ÀûÀÎ Àü¹®°ú¸ñÀÌ µÇ¾ú´Ù. ÀÎÁö ½Å°æ°úÇÐÀº ¸¶À½°ú ÀǽÄÀ» ÀÌÇØÇϱâ À§ÇØ bottom-up (»ý¹°ÇÐÀû ¿¬±¸ ÀÌÈÄ¿¡ ¸¶À½À» ½Ã¹Ä·¹À̼Ç) Á¢±Ù¹æ½ÄÀ» Á¦°øÇÏ¿©, ½É¸®ÇÐÀÇ top-down Á¢±Ù¹æ½ÄÀ» º¸¿ÏÇϰųª ´ë½ÅÇÑ´Ù°í ¹Ï¾îÁø´Ù.

½Å°æ°úÇÐÀÇ °ü½ÉÀº ´ÙÀ½°ú °°Àº ´Ù¾çÇÑ ÁÖÁ¦¸¦ Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ´Ù.

°ü·ÃµÇ°Å³ª °ãÄ¡´Â ºÐ¾ß´Â ´ÙÀ½°ú °°´Ù : ½Å°æÇÐ (Neurology), Á¤½Å ¾à¸®ÇÐ (Psychopharmacology), ½Ç¾îÁõÇÐ (Aphasiology), ½Å°æ¾ð¾îÇÐ (Neurolinguistics), Àü»ê ½Å°æ°úÇÐ (Computational Neuroscience) µîµî ........

ÂüÁ¶ : List of neuroscience topics  ................ (Wikipedia : Neuroscience)

ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ ½Å°æ°úÇÐ (Computational Neuroscience) Àº ½Å°æ°úÇÐ, Àü»ê°úÇÐ, ÀÀ¿ë¼öÇп¡¼­ ³ª¿Â ÇÐÁ¦°£ °ú¸ñÀÌ´Ù. ½Å°æ°èÀÇ ±â´ÉÀ» ÀÌÇØÇϱâ À§ÇØ ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ ½Ã¹Ä·¹À̼ǰú ¼öÇÐÀû ¸ðµ¨°ú °°Àº ¼öÇаú Àü»ê ±â¼úÀ» »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù. ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ ½Å°æ°úÇÐÀº Andrew Huxley ¿Í Alan Hodgkin ÀÇ ÀÛ¾÷°ú ÇÔ²² ½ÃÀ۵Ǿú´Ù. ±×µéÀÌ voltage clamp ¸¦ °³¹ßÇϸ鼭 ÃÖÃÊÀÇ action potential ÀÇ ¼öÇÐÀû ¸ðµ¨À» °³¹ßÇÏ°Ô µÇ¾ú´Ù. .................... (Wikipedia : Computational Neuroscience)

term :

½Å°æ°úÇÐ (Neuroscience)    µÎ³ú (Brain)   »ý¸®ÇÐ (physiology)   ½Å°æ¼¼Æ÷ (Neuron)   ÀÎÁö°úÇÐ (Cognitive Science)   ½Å°æÀü´Þ¹°Áú (Neurotransmitter)   ÇнÀ (Learning)   ½Å°æ¸Á (Neural Network)   

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From Cognitive Neuroscience to Computing Architectures : Michael Arbib, 2008/08/12

 

³ú°úÇÐ °ú 4Â÷»ê¾÷Çõ¸í : Çѱ¹°íµî±³À°Àç´Ü (KFAS) : ÀÌ´ë¿­ : 2016/07/06