Inference Engine
Àü¹®°¡½Ã½ºÅÛ (Expert System) À» ±¸ÃàÇÏ´Â Åø¿¡¼ Ã߷п£Áø (Inference Engine) Àº Áö½Äº£À̽º¿¡¼ ´äÀ» ã¾Æ³»´Â ¿ªÇÒÀ» ÇÑ´Ù. Áï Áö½Äº£À̽ºÀÇ Á¤º¸¿¡ ´ëÇØ Ãß·ÐÇÏ°í °á·ÐÀ» Çü½ÄÈÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ý·ÐÀ» Á¦°øÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î¼ Àü¹®°¡½Ã½ºÅÛÀÇ µÎ³ú¿¡ ÇØ´çÇÑ´Ù. Ã߷п£ÁøÀº ´ÙÀ½°ú °°Àº ¼¼°¡Áö ÁÖ¿ä ¿ä¼Ò¸¦ °¡Áø´Ù.
Ã߷п£ÁøÀº ´ÙÀ½ÀÇ °úÁ¤À» °ÅÃļ ¼öÇàµÈ´Ù.
¿ì¸®´Â ÁÖ¾îÁø »óȲ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Áö½ÄÀ» °¡Áö°í »õ·Î¿î »ç½ÇÀ» À¯µµÇÏ´Â µ¥ Àͼ÷ÇØ ÀÖ´Ù. ½ÇÁ¦ ¿ì¸®°¡ ¾Ë°í ÀÖ´Â ¸ðµç °úÇÐÀû »ç½ÇµéÀÌ ÀÏÁ¤ÇÑ Ãß·ÐÀÇ Æ²¿¡¼ ºñ·ÔµÇ¾ú´Ù°í ÇÏ¿©µµ °ú¾ðÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï´Ù. Ãß·Ð (Reasoning) À̶õ, ÀÌ¹Ì ¾Ë°í ÀÖ´Â ¸íÁ¦¸¦ ±âÃÊ·ÎÇÏ¿© »õ·Î¿î ¸íÁ¦¸¦ À¯µµÇÏ´Â °úÁ¤À¸·Î ÀüÁ¦¿Í °á·Ð °£ÀÇ ³í¸®Àû °ü°è¸¦ ´Ù·ç´Âµ¥ ¹ÝÇÏ¿©, ³íÁõÀ̶õ ÀüÁ¦³ª °á·ÐÀÇ ÁøÀ§¸¦ ¹àÈù´Ù. ¿©±â¼ °á·ÐÀ̶õ »õ·Î À¯µµµÈ ¸íÁ¦¸¦ ¸»Çϸç, ÀüÁ¦¶õ °á·ÐÀÇ ±Ù°Å¸¦ Á¦°øÇÏ´Â ÀÌ¹Ì ¾Ë·ÁÁø ¸íÁ¦¸¦ ÀÏÄ´´Ù.
¨ç
Deduction (¿¬¿ª¹ý) : A ¡æ B Áï A¸¦ ¾Ë¸é B¸¦ ¾È´Ù.
Áï °¡¼³À» ÅëÇÏ¿© Áõ¸íÀ» ÇÏ´Â
°ÍÀÌ´Ù. À̸¦ À§ÇØ ÁÖÀüÁ¦(major premise) ¿Í ºÎÀüÁ¦( minor
premise)¸¦ ¼¼úÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù
ÁÖÀüÁ¦ : IF X = ¾î¸Ó´Ï THEN
X = ¿©ÀÚ
ºÎÀüÁ¦ : ¿µÀÚ´Â ¾î¸Ó´ÏÀÌ´Ù
¿¬¿ª : µû¶ó¼ ¿µÀÚ´Â ¿©ÀÚ´Ù
°á°ú´Â Ç×»óTrue ÀÌ´Ù. Áï ¿¬¿ª¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ Ãß·ÐÀº Ç×»ó ¿Ç´Ù.À̰ÍÀ» Ãß·ÐÀÇ °ÇÀü¼º (soundness) ¶ó ÇÑ´Ù . production rule, semantic net, logic ¸ðµÎ ¿¬¿ª¹ý¿¡ ¼ÓÇÑ´Ù
¨è Abduction : A ¡æ B ¿¡¼
B¸¦ ¾Ë¸é A¸¦ ¾È´Ù.
ÁÖÀüÁ¦ : IF X = ¾î¸Ó´Ï THEN
X = ¿©ÀÚ
ºÎÀüÁ¦ : ¿µÀÚ´Â ¿©ÀÚ´Ù
Abduction : ¿µÀÚ´Â ¾î¸Ó´Ï´Ù
Abduction˼ rule
ÀÇ conditionÀ» ÃßÃøÇØ ³»´Â°ÍÀÌ´Ù
°á°ú´Â FalseÀÏ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. Abduction Àº ÀÏÁ¾ÀÇ ÃßÃøÀÌ°í ´Ù¼öÀÇ °æ¿ì¿¡ ¿ÇÁö¸¸ Ç×»ó ±×·± °ÍÀº ¾Æ´Ï´Ù. µû¶ó¼ AbductionÀº À¯»ç Ãß·Ð (plausible inference) À̶ó°íÇÑ´Ù. Áï deduction °ú´Â ´Þ¸® Ãß·ÐÀÇ ÇÕ¹ýÀûÀÎ ÇüÅ´ ¾Æ´Ï´Ù. Abduction Àº heuristic ÀÇ ÀÏÁ¾À¸·Î ÀÛ¿ëÇÏ¸ç ½ÃÀÛÇÒ Àå¼Ò¸¦ ¾Ë·ÁÁØ´Ù
¨é Induction (±Í³³¹ý) : Instance·ÎºÎÅÍ
RuleÀ» ¸¸µé¾î ³½´Ù.
Áõ¸íÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ °¡¼³À» À¯µµÇس½´Ù.
Áï °á·ÐÀº ¾ò¾îÁø »ç½Ç·ÎºÎÅÍ Ã߷еȴÙ.
ÀºÇ೪¹«´Â ³«¿±ÀÌ Áø´Ù. ´Üdz³ª¹«´Â
³«¿±ÀÌ Áø´Ù.
¢¡ ¸ðµç ³ª¹«´Â ³«¿±ÀÌ Áø´Ù
: False
°á°ú´Â FalseÀÏ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. : Instance°¡ ¸ðµç Case¸¦ ÀüºÎ º¸¿©ÁÙ ¼ö´Â ¾ø±â ¶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù. À¯µµµÈ °á·ÐÀº Á¤È®ÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ»¼ö ÀÖ°í ¶ÇÇÑ »õ·Î¿î »ç½ÇÀÌ ¾Ë·ÁÁú °æ¿ì º¯ÇÒ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
Forward Chaining
A ¡æ B Áï Á¶°Ç A°¡ Working Memory¿¡ ÀÖÀ¸¸é B¸¦ ¼öÇàÇÑ´Ù. µû¶ó¼ ´ç¿¬È÷ Deduction¿¡ ¼ÓÇÑ´Ù.
Backward Chaining
A ¡æ B Áï IF A THEN B ¿¡¼ A °¡ ÁÖ¾îÁ® ÀÖÀ» ¶§ B¸¦ Ãß·ÐÇÒ Çʿ䰡 Àִ°¡¸¦ »ìÇǰí, ÇÊ¿ä½Ã¿¡ A ·ÎºÎÅÍ B¸¦ ¾ò¾î³»´Â deduction ÀÇ ÀÏÁ¾ÀÌ´Ù. Backward ¹æÇâÀÇ ÁøÇàÀº ¼ö¸¹Àº RuleÀ» ¸ðµÎ ¼öÇàÇÏÁö ¾Ê°í Á¶°ÇÀ» ¸¸Á·ÇÏ´Â RuleÀ» ã¾Æ¼ ¼öÇàÇϱâ À§ÇÑ Ãß·ÐÀÇ È¿À²¼º ¶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù. Backward ¹æÇâ¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ³í¸®»óÀ¸·Î´Â Abduction¿¡ °¡±õ´Ù.±×·¯³ª AbductionÀº IF A THEN B¿¡¼ B ·ÎºÎÅÍ A¸¦ À¯µµÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î ±Ùº»ÀûÀ¸·Î ´Ù¸£´Ù.
term :
Ãß·Ð (Reasoning) Ãß·Ð ±ÔÄ¢ (Inference Rule) °¥µîÇØ°á (Conflict Resolution) ÆÐÅϸÅĪ (Pattern Matching) ÀÛ¾÷±â¾ï (Working Memory) Àü¹®°¡½Ã½ºÅÛ (Expert System) Àü¹®°¡½Ã½ºÅÛ ½© (Expert System Shell) Áö½Ä°øÇÐ (Knowledge Engineering) Áö½Ä º£À̽º (Knowledge Base) ³í¸® (Logic) ¿¬¿ª¹ý (Deduction) ±Í³³¹ý (Induction) »óÁ¤³í¹ý (Abduction) ÀΰøÁö´É (Artificial Intelligence) Prolog
site :
Blaze Expert : Korea Expert ÀÇ Åø
JESS : Java expert system shell
CLIPS : Àü¹®°¡½Ã½ºÅÛ Åø
paper :
ÀÇ·á¿ë Àü¹®°¡½Ã½ºÅÛ¿¡¼ Ã߷п¡ °üÇÑ ¿¬±¸ (A Study on Reasoning for Medical Expert Systems) : ±èÁø»ó, ½Å¾ç±Ô, Çѱ¹µ¥ÀÌÅÍÁ¤º¸°úÇÐȸ, 1999
Àü¹®°¡½Ã½ºÅÛÀÇ Ã߷мº°ú¸¦ Çâ»ó½Ã۱â À§ÇÑ ÆÛÁö³í¸® Áö¿ø Áö½Ä°áÇÕ ¸ÞÄ«´ÏÁò¿¡ °üÇÑ ¿¬±¸ (A Fuzzy Logic-Driven Support Mechanism for Knowledge Integration of Improve the Inference Performance of Expert Systems) : À̰Çâ, ±è¿øÃ¶, Çѱ¹°æ¿µÇÐȸ, 1997
Á¦ÇÑµÈ ½Ã°£³»¿¡ Ãß·ÐÇÏ´Â Áö½Ä ·¹º§ÀÇ Àü¹®°¡½Ã½ºÅÛ (A Knowledge - level expert system responsive within the available time) : À̹μ®, ¹ÚÃæ½Ä, ±èÀçÈñ, Çѱ¹°æ¿µÁ¤º¸ÇÐȸ, 1998
COM/OLE ¸¦ ±â¹ÝÀ¸·Î ÇÑ Àü¹®°¡½Ã½ºÅÛ Ã߷бâ°üÀÇ ÄÄÆ÷³ÍÆ®È : ¹Î¹Ì°æ, ¼°æ´ë »ê¾÷±â¼ú¿¬±¸¼Ò, 1997
¿Â¶óÀÎ Àü¹®°¡½Ã½ºÅÛ ±¸Ãà µµ±¸ÀÇ ¼³°è (Design of an On-Line Expert System Shell) : ÀåÇýÁø, »ó¸í´ë »ê¾÷°úÇבּ¸ 5±Ç, 1997
WWW ±â¹Ý Àü¹®°¡½Ã½ºÅÛÀÇ ±¸Á¶¿Í ±¸Çö ±â¼úÀÇ ºñ±³¿¬±¸ : ¼Û¿ë¿í, °æ»ó´ë »ê¾÷°æÁ¦, 1998
WWW ±â¹Ý Àü¹®°¡½Ã½ºÅÛÀÇ ±¸Á¶ ºÐ¼®°ú HTML ±â¹Ý ¿ª¹æÇâ Ã߷бâ°üÀÇ ±¸Çö¹æ¾È (Architectures of WWW based Expert Systems and Implementation of HTML Based Backward Chaining Inference Engine) : ÀÌÀç±Ô, ¼Û¿ë¿í, Çѱ¹°æ¿µÁ¤º¸ÇÐȸ, 1998
WWW »ó¿¡¼ÀÇ CGI ¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÑ ³ó¾÷¿ë Àü¹®°¡½Ã½ºÅÛÀÇ Ã߷п£Áø°ú »ç¿ëÀÚ ÀÎÅÍÆäÀ̽ºÀÇ °³¹ß (Development of Inference Engine & User Interface for Agricultural Expert system using CGI in World Wide Web) : ÀÌÁ¾¼ö, Á¶¼ºÀÎ, Çѱ¹³ó¾÷±â°èÇÐȸ , 1999
CLIPS ¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÑ Windows 95 ¿ë ÇÑ±Û Àü¹®°¡½Ã½ºÅÛ ÀÎÅÍÆäÀ̽º °³¹ß (Development of User - Interface for Expert System in Korean on Windows95 using CLIPS) : Á¶¼ºÀÎ, ±è½ÂÂù, ¹è¿µ¹Î, Çѱ¹³ó¾÷±â°èÇÐȸ, 1997
ÆÛÁö Áö½Äº£À̽ºÀÇ Á¶Á÷È ¹× ÆÛÁöÃß·ÐÀÇ ¿ø¸®¿¡ °üÇÑ ¿¬±¸ : Àüº´Âù, ´ëÇÑ»ê¾÷°øÇÐȸ, 1990
ȯ°æ¿µÇâ Æò°¡Á¦µµ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Àü¹®°¡ Áö¿ø½Ã½ºÅÛ Àû¿ë°¡´É¼º ³íÀÇ - Áö½Äº£À̽º¿Í Ã߷бâ°ü ¼³°è¸¦ À§ÇÑ ½Ã·Ð (A Study on Applicability of Expert Support System to Environmental Impact Assessment) : ÀÓ±¤Çö, ¿ø±¤Àç ȯ°æ°úÇבּ¸¼Ò, 1996
ÀÇ»ç°áÁ¤Áö¿øÀ» À§ÇÑ Áö½ÄÇ¥Çö ¹× È®·üÃß·Ð (Knowledge representation and probalistic inference for decision support) : ±è¼º½Ä, Çѱ¹¼öÇб³À°ÇÐȸ, 1993
Áö½Äȹµæ, Ãß·Ð, Áö½ÄÁ¤Á¦ÀÇ ÅëÇÕÀû ¼³°è¸¦ À§ÇÑ ±ÔÄ¢¸ðµ¨ÀÇ ±¸Ãà (Rule Models for the Integrated Design of Knowledge Acquisition , Reasoning , and Knowledge Refinement) : À̰輺, Çѱ¹Á¤º¸Ã³¸®ÇÐȸ, 1996
Á¶¼¼Àü¹®°¡½Ã½ºÅÛÀÇ Áö½ÄȹµæÀ» À§ÇÑ ±ÔÄ¢Ãß·Ð ¸ðÇüÀÇ ºñ±³ (The Comparison of Rule Reference models for Knowledge Acquisiton In tax - Expert System) : ±èÁ¾¿ø, Çѱ¹»ê¾÷°æÁ¦ÇÐȸ, 2000