David E. Rumelhart

 

 (¹Ì±¹ ÀÎÁö°úÇÐÀÚ, 1942~2011)

 

David E. Rumelhart Prize ...............

Rumelhart ´Â mathematical psychology, symbolic AI, parallel distributed processing ÀÇ Æ² ¼Ó¿¡¼­ ÁÖ·Î ÀÛ¾÷Çϸ鼭 Àΰ£ ÀÎÁöÀÇ Çü½ÄÀû ºÐ¼® (formal analysis of human cognition) ¿¡ ¸¹Àº °øÇåÀ» ÇØ¿Ô´Ù. ±×´Â ¶ÇÇÑ ÀÎÁö¿¡ÀÇ Çü½Ä ¾ð¾îÇÐÀû Á¢±Ù (formal linguistic approaches) ¿¡ ¾÷ÀûÀ» ³²°å°í À̾߱⠱¸Á¶¸¦ Àâ±âÀ§ÇÑ Çü½Ä¹®¹ý °ø½ÄÈ­ (formulating a formal grammar) ÀÇ °¡´É¼ºÀ» Ž±¸Çß´Ù.

±×´Â 1963 ³â¿¡ South Dakota ´ëÇп¡¼­ ½É¸®Çаú ¼öÇÐÀ» Àü°øÇÏ¿© ¹®Çл縦 ¹Þ¾Ò´Ù.  Stanford ´ëÇп¡¼­ mathematical psychology ¸¦ Àü°øÇÏ¿© 1967 ³â¿¡ Ph. D ¸¦ ¹Þ¾Ò´Ù. 1968~1987 ¿¡ °ÉÃÄ University of California, San Diego¿¡¼­ ½É¸®Çаú faculty ·Î ±Ù¹«Çß´Ù. 1987 ³â¿¡ Stanford ·Î ¿Å°Ü 1998 ³â±îÁö ±³¼ö·Î ÀÖ¾ú´Ù.  ÀÏÁ¾ÀÇ progressive neurodegenerative illness ÀÎ Pick's disease ·Î Àå¾Ö¸¦ °Þ¾î¿Ô°í, Áö±ÝÀº ¹Ì½Ã°£ÀÇ Ann Arbor¿¡¼­ ±×ÀÇ ÇüÁ¦¿Í »ì°í ÀÖ´Ù.

±×´Â ¸¹Àº ¹üÀ§ÀÇ Àΰ£ ÀÎÁö ¸ðµ¨À» °³¹ßÇÏ¿´´Âµ¥, ¿¹¸¦µé¸é ¿îµ¿Á¦¾î, ½ºÅ丮 ÀÌÇØ, ½Ã°¢ ¹®ÀÚ ÀνÄ, ÀºÀ¯¿Í À¯Ãߵ °üÇÑ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±×´Â Donald A. Norman °ú LNR ¿¬±¸ ±×·ì°ú °øµ¿À¸·Î 1975 ³â¿¡ "Explorations in Cognition" ¸¦ Àú¼úÇÏ¿´°í, Jay McClelland ¿Í PDP ¿¬±¸ ±×·ì°ú °øµ¿À¸·Î 1986 ³â¿¡ "Parallel Distributed Processing: Explorations in the Microstructure of Cognition" ¸¦ Àú¼úÇÏ¿´´Ù. ±×´Â Àΰ£ ÀÎÁö¿¡ÀÇ ¸¹Àº Çü½ÄÀû Á¢±ÙÀ» ¼··ÆÇß°í, ÀڽŸ¸ÀÇ list processing language ¸¦ °³¹ßÇÏ¿´À¸¸ç, ´º·± °°Àº 󸮴ÜÀ§ÀÇ ¸ÁÀ» ÈƷýÃÅ°±â À§Çؼ­ °­·ÂÇÑ back-propagation learning algorithm À» Çü½ÄÈ­ ÇÏ¿´´Ù.

±×´Â 1991 ³â¿¡ National Academy of Sciences ¿¡ ¼±ÃâµÇ¾ú°í, MacArthur Fellowship, Warren Medal of the Society of Experimental Psychologists, APA Distinguished Scientific Contribution Award µîÀ» ¼ö»óÇß´Ù.

±×´Â ÀÎÁö°úÇÐÀÌ ¹«¾ùÀÎÁö, ¾î¶»°Ô µÇ¾î¾ß ÇÏ´ÂÁö¸¦ ¸íÈ®È÷ Ç¥ÇöÇß´Ù. ±×´Â ÀÎÁö°úÇÐÀÌ ÇϳªÀÇ °úÇÐÀ¸·Î µÇ·Á¸é, Çü½Ä ÀÌ·Ð (formal theories) À» °¡Á®¾ß ÇÑ´Ù°í ´À²¼´Ù -- ±×·¡¼­ ±×´Â °¡²û ±×°¡ »ý°¢ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀÇ ¿¹·Î½á, ¼öÇÐÀû ¸ðµ¨°ú ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ ¸ðµ¨ »Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ¾ð¾î ÀÌ·Ð (linguistic theories) ¿¡ ¿ªÁ¡À» µÎ¾ú´Ù.

term :

ÀÎÁö°úÇÐ (Cognitive Science)   ½Å°æ¸Á (Neural Network)   ¿ªÀüÆÄ (Back-propagation)   º´·ÄºÐ»êó¸® (Parallel Distributed Processing)

paper :

Parallel Distributed Processing: Explorations in the Microstructure of Cognition, Volumes 1 and 2. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. 1986 : David Rumelhart   James McClelland  

site :

Wikipedia : David Rumelhart

David E. Rumelhart Prize