George  S. Boolos

 

(¹Ì±¹ öÇÐÀÚ.¼ö¸®³í¸®ÇÐÀÚ 1940~1996)

¹Ì±¹ÀÇ Ã¶ÇÐÀÚ, ¼ö¸®³í¸®ÇÐÀÚ, MIT ÀÇ ¾ð¾îÇаú öÇÐ ±³¼ö¸¦ Áö³Â´Ù. ºÒ·Î½º´Â 1940 ³â ´º¿å¿¡¼­ ž ÇÁ¸°½ºÅÏ ´ëÇп¡¼­ ¼öÇÐÀ» °øºÎÇÏ°í MIT ¿¡¼­ öÇйڻ簡 µÇ¾ú´Ù.

ºÒ·Î½º´Â ¸ðµç Á¾·ùÀÇ ÆÛÁñ¿¡ Àü¹®°¡¿´´Ù. 1993 ³â¿¡ ±×´Â Times crossword competition ÀÇ ·±´ø Áö¿ª °á½Â¿¡ ÁøÃâÇÏ¿´À¸¸ç ±×°¡ ±â·ÏÇÑ Á¡¼ö´Â ¹Ì±¹¿ª»ç»ó °¡Àå ³ôÀº Á¡¼öÁß Çϳª¿´´Ù. ºÒ·Î½º´Â ¸í·áÇÔ°ú À§Æ®·Î À¯¸íÇÑ Ä«¸®½º¸¶ÀÖ´Â ¿¬¼³°¡¿´´Ù. Logic, Logic, and Logic Àº ±×ÀÇ °­¿¬ÁýÀ¸·Î¼­ ±×°¡ °­¿¬ÇÑ ³»¿ëÁß¿¡´Â ±«µ¨ÀÇ µÎ¹ø° ºÒ¿ÏÀü¼ºÁ¤¸® Àüü¸¦ ÇÑ À½Àý·Î Ç¥ÇöÇÑ °ÍÀÌ Æ÷ÇԵȴÙ. ¶Ç´Ù¸¥ À̾߱⿡ µû¸£¸é, ±¸µÎ½ÃÇèÀÇ ³¡¿¡ Hilary Putnam ÀÌ Áú¹®Çß´Ù. "analytical hierarchy °¡ ½Ç¼¼°è¿Í ¾î¶»°Ô °ü·ÃµÇ´ÂÁö¸¦ ¸»Çغ¸°Ô". ÁÖÀú¾øÀÌ ºÒ·Î½º´Â ´ë´äÇß´Ù. "±×°ÍÀº ±×°ÍÀÇ ÀϺκÐÀÔ´Ï´Ù".

ºÒ·Î½º´Â ÇÊ¿¬¼º°ú °¡´É¼ºÀ» ´Ù·ç´Â ¾ç»ó³í¸® (modal logic) ÀÇ ÀÏÁ¾ÀÎ provability logic À» ±âÃÊÇÑ »ç¶÷Áß ÇϳªÀ̸ç, provability logic Àº ¼öÇÐÀû Áõ¸íÀÇ À̷п¡ ÀÀ¿ëµÈ´Ù. ±×ÀÇ Àú¼­ The Logic of Provability ¿¡¼­´Â ±× ÁÖÁ¦¸¦ ´Ù·ç°í ÀÖ´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ Å¹¿ùÇÑ Çؼ³¼­ÀÎ Computability and Logic À» Richard Jeffrey ¿Í Àú¼úÇß´Ù.

ºÒ·Î½º´Â 19 ¼¼±â µ¶ÀÏ ¼öÇÐÀÚ°â öÇÐÀÚÀÎ Gottlob Frege ¿¬±¸ÀÇ ±ÇÀ§Àڷμ­, Frege ÀÇ ¾÷ÀûÀ» ÀçÆò°¡ÇÏ°í ƯÈ÷ ±âº»ÀûÀÎ »ê¼ú¹ýÄ¢ (laws of arithmetic) ÀÚü°¡ ³í¸®¿øÄ¢ (principles of logic) À̶ó´Â °ÍÀ» º¸¿©ÁÖ¾ú´Ù.

ºÒ·Î½ºÀÇ °¡Àå À¯¸íÇÑ Ã¥Àº ³í¸®¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ³í¹® ¸ðÀ½ÁýÀ¸·Î¼­ ±×ÀÇ »ç¸ÁÁ÷Àü¿¡ ¸¸µç Logic, Logic, and Logic ÀÌ´Ù. ±× Ã¥¿¡´Â set theory, second-order logic and nonfirstorderizability, plural quantifiers, Frege, Dedekind, Cantor, Russell ±×¸®°í ³í¸®¿Í proof theory ÁÖÁ¦ÀÇ ³í¹®°ú ±«µ¨ÀÇ Á¤¸®¿¡ °üÇÑ ³í¹®À» Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ´Ù.

Plural quantification

ºÒ·Î½ºÀÇ »ý°¢Àº monadic second-order logic ÀÌ ¾î¶°ÇÑ ontological commitments µµ °¡ÁöÁö ¾Ê´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î Çؼ®µÉ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù (to entities other than those the first-order variables range over by thinking of second-order variables as plural terms). ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ »ý°¢Àº ³ªÁß¿¡ David Lewis ¿¡ ÀÇÇØ Parts of Classes ¿¡¼­ ÁýÇÕÀÌ·ÐÀÇ »õ·Î¿î °ø¸®È­ (axiomatization) ¸¦ Á¤´çÈ­Çϱâ À§ÇØ »ç¿ëµÇ¾ú´Ù. º¸Åë ºÒ·Î½º°¡ ±× »ý°¢À» ÃÖÃÊ·Î ÁÖÀåÇÏ¿´´Ù°í ÇÏÁö¸¸, Peter Simons Àº History and Philosophy of Logic, (1982) ÀÇ "On understanding Lesniewski," ¿¡¼­ ±× »ý°¢Àº Stanislaw Lesniewski ÀÌ Ã³À½ ÁÖÀåÇÑ °ÍÀ̶ó°í ÁÖÀåÇß´Ù. ............... (Wikipedia : George Boolos)

term :

George S. Boolos   °è»ê°¡´É¼º ÀÌ·Ð (Computability Theory)   ³í¸®ÇÐ (Logic)   ¾ç»ó³í¸® (Modal Logic)   Gottlob Frege   ÀÏÂ÷³í¸® (First-order Predicate Calculus)   

site :

Wikipedia : George Boolos

George S. Boolos PhD '66

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