Logic  Theorist

 

1955 ³â¿¡ Allen Newell, J.C. Shaw, Herbert Simon °¡ ÃÖÃÊÀÇ  AI ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ Logic Theorist (LT) ¸¦ ¼±º¸¿´´Ù. (Carnegie Institute of Technology, Áö±ÝÀÇ Carnegie Mellon ´ëÇÐ). ±×°ÍÀº ¼öÇÐ ¹®Á¦¸¦ Ç®±âÀ§ÇÑ °ÍÀ̸ç Ãß·Ð ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À¸·Î¼­ ºñ¼öÄ¡ÀûÀ¸·Î »ç°íÇÏ´Â ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À̶ó°í ¼Ò°³ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ±×°ÍÀº °Ë»ö (searching), ¸ñÇ¥ÁöÇâ Çൿ (goal-oriented behavior), ±ÔÄ¢ÀÇ ÀÀ¿ë (application of rules) À» º¹ÇÕÇÏ¿© »ç¿ëÇÑ Á¤¸®¸¦ Áõ¸íÇß´Ù (Á¤¸®Áõ¸í (Theorem Proving)). ±×°ÍÀº IPL ¾ð¾î·Î ¸®½ºÆ® ó¸® ±â¼ú (list processing technique) À» »ç¿ëÇÏ¿© ¸¸µç °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±× ÇÁ·Î±×·¥Àº ¿©·¯ ¹æ¼Û ¸Åü¸¦ ÅëÇØ ¼Ò°³µÇ±âµµ ÇÏ¿´´Ù. . ..

1955 ³â¿¡ Allen Newell, Herbert Simon, J.C. Shaw ÀÌ ÃÖÃÊÀÇ AI ¾ð¾î "IPL (Information Processing Language)" À» ¸¸µé¾ú´Ù. ±×°ÍÀº Logic Theorist ¸¦ ¸¸µé±â À§ÇØ °³¹ßÇÑ »õ·Î¿î ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ ¾ð¾îÀÌ´Ù. ±×°ÍÀº associative memory ¸¦ Èä³»³»¾î °ü·ÃµÈ Á¤º¸ÀÇ Á¶°¢µé »çÀÌ¿¡ Æ÷ÀÎÅ͸¦ Á¦°øÇϸç, »óÈ£ÀÛ¿ëÇÏ´Â ±âÈ£ (Symbol) ±¸Á¶¸¦ »ý¼º, º¯È­, Æı«ÇÏ´Â ±â´ÉÀÌ Á¦°øµÇ¾ú´Ù.

ÀΰøÁö´É (Artificial Intelligence) °¡ óÀ½ ź»ýÇÑ 1956 ³â ¿©¸§ Dartmouth ¿¡¼­ÀÇ ¿öÅ©¼¥¿¡¼­ Simon Àº "¿ì¸®´Â ºñ¼öÄ¡ÀûÀ¸·Î »ç°íÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» ¹ß¸íÇßÀ¸¸ç, ±×°ÍÀ¸·Î ijij¹¬Àº ½É½Å¹®Á¦ (Mind-Body Problem) ¸¦ ÇØ°áÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù" °í ÁÖÀåÇÏ¿´´Ù. ±× ¿öÅ©¼¥ Á÷ÈÄ¿¡ ±× ÇÁ·Î±×·¥Àº Russell °ú Whitehead ÀÇ ¼öÇпø¸® (Principia Mathematica) ÀÇ 2 Àå¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ Á¤¸®¸¦ Áõ¸íÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ¾ú´Ù.  Simon ÀÌ Russell ¿¡°Ô ±× ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À¸·Î ÇϳªÀÇ Á¤¸®¸¦ À§ÇÑ Áõ¸íÀ» ÇÒ ¶§ Principia ¿¡¼­ º¸´Ùµµ ´õ ª°Ô Áõ¸íÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» º¸¿©ÁÖ¾ú°í Russell Àº ±â»µÇß´Ù°í ÀüÇØÁø´Ù. Journal of Symbolic Logic ÆíÁýÀÚ´Â ±×¸® Å« ÀλóÀ» ¹ÞÁö ¸øÇß°í, Newell °ú Simon °øÀúÀÇ Àú¼ú°ú Logic Theorist ÀÇ Ãâ°£À» °ÅÀýÇß´Ù. ....... (Wikipedia : Logic Theorist)

..... ±âÈ£ ³í¸®·Î Á¤¸®¸¦ Áõ¸íÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï ÇÁ·Î±×·¥µÈ ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ ..... ³í¸®ÀÇ ¼ø¿­°ú Á¶È­°¡ º¹ÀâÇϹǷÎ, ¸ðµç È®·üÀ» Á¶»çÇÏ¿© ¹®Á¦Á¡À» ÇØ°áÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ±ØÈ÷ °£´ÜÇÑ »óȲ¿¡¼­¸¸ ½ÇÁúÀûÀÌ´Ù. Áö¸§±æÀ» ÅÃÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ½ÇÁ¦ÀûÀ¸·Î À¯¸®ÇÏ´Ù (¹ß°ßÀû ¹æ¹ý, ÈÞ¸®½ºÆ½ (Heuristic)). ÀÌ·± °ÍµéÀº ÇØ°áÃ¥À» º¸ÀåÇÏÁö´Â ¾ÊÀ¸³ª ¾î´À Ÿ´çÇÑ ½Ã±â¿¡ ¹ß°ßµÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â °¡´É¼ºÀ» °®°í ÀÖ´Ù.

¿©±â¼­ ¼­¼úµÈ Á¤¸®¸¦ Áõ¸íÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ÇÁ·Î±×·¥Àº, ¹ß°ßÀû Áöµµ¹ýÀÌ ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ ³»¿¡¼­ ¾î¶»°Ô »ç¿ëµÇ´Â°¡¸¦ º¸¿©ÁÖ±â À§ÇØ ´ºÀ£°ú ¼î¿Í »çÀ̸óÀÌ °í¾ÈÇÏ¿´´Ù. ±×µéÀº ±×°ÍÀ» ³í¸®Àû Á¤¸®¸¦ À§ÇÑ ÄÄÇ»ÅͶó°í ÇÏ¸ç ¾àÀÚ·Î "LT" ¶ó ĪÇÑ´Ù. ±×µéÀº ½ÃÇè °á°ú·Î ¡º¼öÇпø¸® (Principia Mathematica)¡»ÀÇ Á¦ 2 Àå¿¡¼­ 52 °³ÀÇ Á¤¸®¸¦ ¼±ÅÃÇß´Ù. ±×¸®°í Á¤¸®¸¦ Áõ¸íÇϱâ À§ÇØ ±× Ã¥¿¡¼­ 5 °³ÀÇ °ø¸®¿Í 3 °³ÀÇ Ãß·ÐÀ» ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ ±â¾ïÀåÄ¡¿¡ ¼ö·ÏÇß°í, ÄÄÇ»ÅÍÀÇ ±â¾ïÀåÄ¡¸¦ Á¶»çÇÏ°í ±âÈ£¸¦ ÀÛµ¿ÇÏ¿© ÄÄÇ»Å͸¦ ¸¸µé¾ú´Ù. ±× Á¤¸®´Â ¹ßÇ¥ÇÑ ¼ø¼­·Î ±â°è¿¡ º¸³»Áø´Ù. ±â°è¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ÀÌ Áõ¸íµÈ ÈÄ °¢ Á¤¸®°¡ ÀúÀåµÇµµ·Ï µÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù. "Áõ¸íµÈ Á¤¸®" ´Â ´ÙÀ½ÀÇ Á¤¸®¸¦ Áõ¸íÇÏ´Â µ¥ »ç¿ëµÈ´Ù. ... (Á¤¸®¸¦ Áõ¸íÇÏ´Â ±â°è : Donald G. Fink )

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Wikipedia : Logic Theorist

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AI and The Logic Theorist : 2009/02/04